General Knowledge Mcqs
HISTORY OF COMPUTER
HISTORY OF COMPUTER
The history of computers is very Old, i.e. it goes back to some 500 years. The first computing machine was used by the Chinese before 15th century.The name of this machine is abacus.
Analytical Engine, The first mechanical computer, However in 1812 an English mathematician from Cambridge University. Mr. Charles Babbage designed a machine called Difference Engine. the machine was capable of calculating powers of Numbers. Charles Babbage also gave the idea of an ANALYTICAL ENGINE. Which was supported to be general purpose machine having the ability to calculate various arithmetic and algebraic formulas, store data and print result.
ENIAC (Electronic Numerical integrator and Computer)
In 1946. John Mauchly and J.P Eckert developed an electronic numerical integrator (ENIAC) at the More school of Engineering and Technology. This was the first truly successful computer. There were three main drawback in the ENIAC as follows
1.It is used serial lines for processing
2.No storage facility was available
3.It used decimal number instead of binary number system.
EDVAC (Electronic Discrete variable Automatic Computer)
These problems were successfully overcome with the development of John Von Neumann's Electronic Discrete variable Automatic computer (EDVAC) Development in 1950. It was the first computer capable of based on the working of EDVAC.
There are six generation of computer
First generation of Computer
(1945-1950)
All the computer developed in this generation were based on vacuum-tubes technology. For example ENIAC (Electronic Numerical integrator and computer) Mark-1 and Mark-2 etc.
The computer of this generation were very slow-large and expensive.
Second generation of computer
(1950-1959)
The computer of this generation were based on transistor technology (Vacuum tube replace by transistor) and they opened the gateway to the commercial development for Sale of computers.
1 The transistor were small in size,
2 Fast in operation and less expensive than vacuum tubes. small and less costly.
3. Also the speed of these computer was high. e.g.. EDVAC, IBM-1404
Third generation of computer
(1960-1969)
The computer of this generation were based on integrated circuit (ICs) technology (transistor Replaced by ICs) in early 1960 the electronic technology of solid-state was introduced. The development of integrated circuit (ICs) is called solid solid-state integration (SSl). The integrated circuit (ICs) are the collection of many electronic devices like transistors an a single chip of silicon, the technology enabled the computer to enter into electronic revolution. Also the computer of this generation were high in speed, Accuracy and less in price.
e.g IBM-PC etc.
Fourth Generation of computer
(1970-1980)
The computer of this generation were based on large scale integration (LSI) (ICs Replaced by LSI) in 1970 the technology was enhanced sufficiently to integrate all main function of a computer using LSI on a single chip called microprocessor, In this generation microprocessor was introduced, due to which microcomputer was made.
For example, IBM-PC etc.
Fifth Generation of Computer (A1) (1980-1990)
The Rapid progress in computer technology is still continued and active research is going on in different fields of computer technology but there is no well-defined categorization after fourth generation. The reason may be that now the developments are taking place in a variety of fields of computer hardware and software as compared to the previous development, which mostly took place in the field of electronics. Hence the computer of this generation were based on the principles of A1 and also in this generation software development was give more importance than hardware, as a result of which artificial intelligence was introduced.
e.g. Robotics, Computer vision etc.
Sixth Generation of Computer
(Since 1990)
The computer of this generation are based on the principles of Artificial Neural Network system (ANNS). As a result Now the computers can think and decide for solving different problems.
e.g. character recognition etc.
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